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碳中和 9

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A coal-fired power plant integrated with biomass co-firing and CO capture for zero carbon emission

《能源前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第2期页码 307-320 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0790-8

摘要： A promising scheme for coal-fired power plants in which biomass co-firing and carbon dioxide capture technologies are adopted and the low-temperature waste heat from the CO₂ capture process is recycled to heat the condensed water to achieve zero carbon emission is proposed in this paper. Based on a 660 MW supercritical coal-fired power plant, the thermal performance, emission performance, and economic performance of the proposed scheme are evaluated. In addition, a sensitivity analysis is conducted to show the effects of several key parameters on the performance of the proposed system. The results show that when the biomass mass mixing ratio is 15.40% and the CO₂ capture rate is 90%, the CO₂ emission of the coal-fired power plant can reach zero, indicating that the technical route proposed in this paper can indeed achieve zero carbon emission in coal-fired power plants. The net thermal efficiency decreases by 10.31%, due to the huge energy consumption of the CO₂ capture unit. Besides, the cost of electricity (COE) and the cost of CO₂ avoided (COA) of the proposed system are 80.37 $/MWh and 41.63 $/tCO₂, respectively. The sensitivity analysis demonstrates that with the energy consumption of the reboiler decreasing from 3.22 GJ/tCO₂ to 2.40 GJ/ tCO₂, the efficiency penalty is reduced to 8.67%. This paper may provide reference for promoting the early realization of carbon neutrality in the power generation industry.

关键词： coal-fired power plant biomass co-firing CO₂ capture zero carbon emission performance evaluation

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Uncovering CO₂ emission drivers under regional industrial transfer in China’s Yangtze River

Huijuan JIANG, Yong GENG, Xu TIAN, Xi ZHANG, Wei CHEN, Ziyan GAO

《能源前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第2期页码 292-307 doi: 10.1007/s11708-020-0706-z

摘要： With the relocation of heavy industries moving from downstream region to upstream and midstream regions in the Yangtze River Economic Belt (YREB), it is critical to encourage coordinated low carbon development in different regions within the YREB. This paper uncovers the evolution of CO emissions in different regions within the YREB for the period of 2000–2017. It decomposes regional CO emission changes using the temporal and cross-regional three-layer logarithmic mean Divisia index (LMDI) method. Besides, it decomposes industrial CO emission changes using the temporal two-layer LMDI method. The research results show that economic growth is the major driver for regional CO emission disparities. The mitigation drivers, such as energy intensity and energy structure, lead to a more decreased CO emission in the downstream region than in the upstream and midstream regions. In addition, it proposes several policy recommendations based upon the local realities, including improving energy efficiency, optimizing energy structure, promoting advanced technologies and equipment transfers, and coordinating the development in the upstream, midstream and downstream regions within the YREB.

关键词： CO₂ emission multi-layer LMDI decomposition industrial transfer governance

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Peak CO

Sheng ZHOU, Maosheng DUAN, Zhiyi YUAN, Xunmin OU

《能源前沿（英文）》 2020年第14卷第4期页码 740-758 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0558-y

摘要： This paper studies the pathways of peaking CO emissions of Dezhou city in China, by employing a bottom-up sector analysis model and considering future economic growth, the adjustment of the industrial structure, and the trend of energy intensity. Two scenarios (a business-as-usual (BAU) scenario and a CO mitigation scenario (CMS)) are set up. The results show that in the BAU scenario, the final energy consumption will peak at 25.93 million tons of coal equivalent (Mtce) (16% growth versus 2014) in 2030. In the CMS scenario, the final energy will peak in 2020 at 23.47 Mtce (9% lower versus peak in the BAU scenario). The total primary energy consumption will increase by 12% (BAU scenario) and decrease by 3% (CMS scenario) in 2030, respectively, compared to that in 2014. In the BAU scenario, CO emission will peak in 2025 at 70 million tons of carbon dioxide (MtCO ), and subsequently decrease gradually in 2030. In the CMS scenario, the peak has occurred in 2014, and 60 MtCO will be emitted in 2030. Active policies including restructuring the economy, improving energy efficiency, capping coal consumption, and using more low-carbon /carbon free fuel are recommended in Dezhou city peaked CO emission as early as possible.

关键词： carbon dioxide emission energy consumption peak CO₂ emission low-carbon transition Dezhou city China

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The development of pollution control technology in coal combustion in China

XU Xuchang, ZHANG Hu, ZHUO Yuqun, TONG Huiling, WANG Shujuan, LI Yan

《能源前沿（英文）》 2007年第1卷第1期页码 9-15 doi: 10.1007/s11708-007-0002-1

摘要： The recent development of coal combustion pollution control technologies in China, including desulphurization, denitrification, particulate matters and heavy metals emission control technologies, have been reviewed. The development histories and the advantages of China s self-developed technologies have been introduced in detail. The key points of future research and development in coal combustion pollution control, e.g., combined emission control and CO emission control technologies, have also been discussed.

关键词： development CO emission desulphurization future research emission

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以净零排放为目标的封存驱动型CO₂提高采收率方法 Article

刘月亮, 芮振华

《工程（英文）》 2022年第18卷第11期页码 79-87 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.02.010

摘要：可通过驱油过程将CO₂封存在油藏地质体中，因此，CO₂驱油与封存被视为降低CO₂排放的重要手段之一。本研究提出了一种新型的CO₂提高采收率（EOR）方法，即封存驱动型CO₂提高采收率，其主要目标是通过在油藏中封存尽可能多的CO₂来实现CO结果表明，DME可提高CO₂在原油中的溶解度，有利于CO₂的溶解封存；可抑制因CO₂的抽提作用造成的原油轻质组分“逃逸&rdquo封存驱动型CO₂ EOR方法在提高波及效率方面优于传统的CO₂ EOR，尤其是在采油后期更为明显；同时，封存驱动型CO₂ EOR比传统的此外，通过封存驱动型CO₂ EOR封存的CO₂量远超采出原油燃烧产生的碳排放总量。

关键词： CO₂ EOR CO₂净排放量二甲醚封存驱动型CO₂ EOR CO₂封存

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中国碳达峰碳中和目标下的排放路径思考与探讨

蔡博峰, 张立, 雷宇, 王金南

《工程（英文）》 2023年第30卷第11期页码 27-29 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.06.014

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China’s pre-2020 CO

Hailin WANG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2019年第13卷第3期页码 571-578 doi: 10.1007/s11708-019-0640-0

摘要： China achieved the reduction of CO intensity of GDP by 45% compared with 2005 at the end of 2017, realizing the commitment at 2009 Copenhagen Conference on emissions reduction 3 years ahead of time. In future implementation of the “13th Five-Year Plan (FYP),” with the decline of economic growth rate, decrease of energy consumption elasticity and optimization of energy structure, the CO intensity of GDP will still have the potential for decreasing before 2020. By applying KAYA Formula decomposition, this paper makes the historical statistics of the GDP energy intensity decrease and CO intensity of energy consumption since 2005, and simulates the decrease of CO intensity of GDP in 2020 and its influences on achieving National Determined Contribution (NDC) target in 2030 with scenario analysis. The results show that China’s CO intensity of GDP in 2020 is expected to fall by 52.9%–54.4% than the 2005 level, and will be 22.9%–25.4% lower than 2015. Therefore, it is likely to overfulfill the decrease of CO intensity of GDP by 18% proposed in the 13th FYP period. Furthermore, the emission reduction potentiality before 2020 will be conducive to the earlier realization of NDC objectives in 2030. China’s CO intensity of GDP in 2030 will fall by over 70% than that in 2005, and CO emissions peak will appear before 2030 as early as possible. To accelerate the transition to a low-carbon economy, China needs to make better use of the carbon market, and guide the whole society with carbon price to reduce emissions effectively. At the same time, China should also study the synergy of policy package so as to achieve the target of emission reduction.

关键词： China’s National Determined Contribution emission reduction potential scenario analysis CO₂ emissions peak

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杨为民：石油化工CO2减排与转化中的催化技术（2021年5月21日）

2021年12月01日

关键词：碳中和

Neighborhood form and CO

Jiaxing GUO, Huan LIU, Yang JIANG, Dongquan HE, Qidong WANG, Fei MENG, Kebin HE

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年第8卷第1期页码 79-88 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0516-1

摘要： To understand the household CO emission level in China, as well as how much the neighborhoods’ socio-economic or design factors could influence the CO emission, 23 neighborhoods in Jinan were investigated in 2009 and 2010. These neighborhoods fall into four different types: superblock, enclave, grid and traditional. The household CO emission includes sources of both in-home energy use and passenger transportation. The average CO emission per household is 7.66 t·a , including 6.87 t in-home operational emission and 792 kg transportation emission. The household CO emission by neighborhood categories is 10.97, 5.65, 6.49, 5.40 t·household ·a for superblock, enclave, grid and traditional respectively. Superblock has the highest average emission and also the highest percent (more than 25%) of transportation emission among four different types of neighborhoods. The residential CO emission of superblock neighborhoods in Jinan has already reached the level in developed countries nearly ten years ago. It is predictable that more superblock neighborhoods would be built in China with the fast urbanization. How to avoid the rapid household CO emission growth in the future would be a systematic issue. The study also found that in addition to income and apartment area, household density, land use mix and accessibility to public transportation are three primary factors which have significant impacts on CO emission. High density, mixed land use and convenient accessibility to public transportation tend to reduce household CO emission.

关键词： CO₂ emission neighborhood type transportation household energy China

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Emission components characteristics of a bi-fuel vehicle at idling condition

Sameh M. METWALLEY, Shawki A. ABOUEL-SEOUD, Abdelfattah M. FARAHAT

《能源前沿（英文）》 2011年第5卷第3期页码 322-329 doi: 10.1007/s11708-011-0158-6

摘要： Natural gas (NG) represents today a promising alternative to conventional fuels for road vehicles propulsion, since it is characterized by a relatively low cost, better geopolitical distribution than oil, and lower environmental impact. This explains the current spreading of compressed natural gas (CNG) fuelled spark ignition (SI) engine, above all in the bi-fuel version, which is able to run either with gasoline or with NG. However, the aim of the present investigation is to evaluate the emission characteristics at idling condition. The vehicle engine was converted to bi-fueling system from a gasoline engine, and operated separately either with gasoline or CNG. Two different fuel injection systems (i.e., multi-point injection (MPI)-sequential and closed-loop venturi-continuous) are used, and their influences on the formation of emissions at different operating conditions are examined. A detailed comparative analysis of the engine exhaust emissions using gasoline and CNG is made. The results indicate that the CNG shows low air index and lower emissions of carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO ), and total hydrocarbon (THC) compared to gasoline.

关键词： road vehicle engine fuel injection systems carbon monoxide (CO) carbon dioxide (CO₂) total hydrocarbon (THC) vehicle idle conditions air index

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减排二氧化碳发展低碳经济首先要重视节约使用化石能源

曹湘洪

《中国工程科学》 2010年第12卷第8期页码 8-21

摘要：

分析了能源消费和经济发展的规律，可再生能源的特点、大量开发利用存在的技术瓶颈和减排二氧化碳的效果，认为我国能源消费总量正处在持续增长期，未来40年内可再生能源不可能成为我国的主要能源，化石能源仍将是我国能源的主体，提出减排二氧化碳、发展低碳经济，要首先重视节约使用化石能源。归纳了我国化石能源开发利用取得的成就和存在的问题，提出了节约使用化石能源的对策，一是确定比较合理的GDP增长速度，建立化石能源消费总量控制指标体系；二是建立化石能源加工利用过程全寿命周期能效及二氧化碳排放的评价方法，通过不断优化提高化石能源利用效率；三是从我国化石能源资源状况出发，研究建立符合国情的低碳现代化生活消费模式；四是充分利用财政税收政策和行政手段鼓励和强制节能；五是加强节约使用化石能源的技术、材料、产品的研究开发和推广应用；六是加大资金投入，实现化石能源的优化利用和节约使用。

关键词：二氧化碳低碳经济化石能源

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A new prediction method of industrial atmospheric pollutant emission intensity based on pollutant emission

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第1期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1608-1

摘要：

● Established a quantification method of pollutant emission standard.

关键词： Industrial atmospheric pollutants Pollutant emission standards Quantitative method Machine learning Single enterprise

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Does environmental infrastructure investment contribute to emissions reduction? A case of China

Xiaoqian SONG, Yong GENG, Ke LI, Xi ZHANG, Fei WU, Hengyu PAN, Yiqing ZHANG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2020年第14卷第1期页码 57-70 doi: 10.1007/s11708-019-0654-7

摘要： Environmental infrastructure investment (EII) is an important environmental policy instrument on responding to greenhouse gas (GHG) emission and air pollution. This paper employs an improved stochastic impact by regression on population, affluence and technology (STRIPAT) model by using panel data from 30 Chinese provinces and municipalities for the period of 2003–2015 to investigate the effect of EII on CO emissions, SO emissions, and PM pollution. The results indicate that EII has a positive and significant effect on mitigating CO emission. However, the effect of EII on SO emission fluctuated although it still contributes to the reduction of PM pollution through technology innovations. Energy intensity has the largest impact on GHG emissions and air pollution, followed by GDP per capita and industrial structure. In addition, the effect of EII on environmental issues varies in different regions. Such findings suggest that policies on EII should be region-specific so that more appropriate mitigation policies can be raised by considering the local realities.

关键词： environmental infrastructure investment (EII) CO₂ emission SO₂ emission PM_2.5 pollution stochastic impact by regression on population affluence and technology (STIRPAT) model governance

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积极培育生物燃料产业减少对石油的过度依赖

曹湘洪

《中国工程科学》 2011年第13卷第2期页码 4-12

摘要：

分析了我国石油消费的增长趋势、我国和世界的石油供应潜力以及我国减排CO₂面临的巨大压力，提出发展生物燃料是减少经济社会发展对石油的过度依赖和减排CO₂ 的重要战略举措。

关键词：生物燃料生物基材料生物质二氧化碳减排石油

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Dissolved methane in anaerobic effluent: Emission or recovery?

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-022-1537-4

摘要： Various anaerobic processes have been explored for the energy-efficient treatment of municipal wastewater. However, dissolved methane in anaerobic effluent appears to be a barrier towards the energy and carbon neutrality of wastewater treatment. Although several dissolved methane recovery methods have been developed, their engineering feasibility and economic viability have not yet been assessed in a holistic manner. In this perspective, we thus intend to offer additional insights into the cost-benefit of dissolved methane recovery against its emission.

关键词： Anaerobic treatment Municipal wastewater Dissolved methane Methane recovery Carbon emission